an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

ammonia

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

glutathione disulfide

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2, 4-diaminopentanoate

(2R)-2-amino-4-oxopentanoate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

L-arginino-succinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

canavaninosuccinate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

α-D-ribose-1-methylphosphonate 5-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1,2-cyclic phosphate

chloramphenicol

citrate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

coenzyme F₃₉₀-A

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

O-acetyl-L-serine

L-selenocystathionine

carbonic acid

(S)-dihydroorotate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

α-ribazole 5'-phosphate

α-ribazole

2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde

histidinal

imidazole acetol-phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

crotonate

phosphocholine

thiamine diphosphate

isochorismate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

methylsalicylate

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

oxaloacetate

4'-phosphopantetheine

preuroporphyrinogen

porphobilinogen

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

5-aminolevulinate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

shikimate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

isopentenyl diphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

3-ureidopropanoate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

anthranilate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

CDP-glycerol

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

DNA without lesion

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5-(methylsulfanyl)-ribulose 1-phosphate

3-dehydroshikimate

2-dehydropantoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

hexulose 6-phosphate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

(4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoheptanedioate

succinate semialdehyde

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

L-gulono-1,4-lactone

prenyl diphosphate

shikimate 3-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

prephenate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

thiamine phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

quinolinate

(indol-3-yl)pyruvate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

N⁴-(β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine

N-acetyl-β-glucosaminylamine

5-aminopentanoate

dihydrolipoate

coproporphyrinogen III

CO₂

acetyl phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate

hydroxypyruvate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

histidinol

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

dihydroxyacetone

glycerone phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

2-phosphoglycolate

hydrogen peroxide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

formate

carbon monoxide

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

L-canavanine

urea

salicyl alcohol

xanthine

glycolate

H₂O

carbamoyl phosphate

carboxyphosphate

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

dGMP

dAMP

ITP

dGDP

dADP

adenylo-succinate

pppGpp

ppGpp

cyclic-AMP

dATP

dGTP

IMP

XMP

GMP

GDP

AMP

5'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyinosine

hypoxanthine

GTP

ATP

ADP

UTP

CTP

CMP

UMP

CDP

UDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

dCDP

dTDP

dCMP

dTMP

dUMP

dTTP

dUTP

dCTP

NADH

NADPH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

5-hydroxy-CMP

ADP-α-D-glucose

guanine

adenine

preQ₁

thymine

uracil

CDP-choline

5,6-dihydrouracil

5,6-dihydrothymine

UDP-α-D-glucose

CDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

CDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

P¹,P⁴-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate

inosine

xanthosine

guanosine

adenosine

uridine

cytidine

2'-deoxycytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

(R)-lipoate

coenzyme A

oxidized coenzyme F₄₂₀-2

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

orotate

precorrin-2

precorrin-1

sirohydrochlorin

adenosylcobalamin

hydantoin

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

riboflavin

FMN

reduced riboflavin

FMNH₂

urate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

protocatechuate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

4-nitrophenol

hydroquinone

3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate

methylglyoxal

diacetyl

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-ribofuranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

formaldehyde

butan-1-al

acetaldehyde

(S)-lactaldehyde

ethanol

butan-1-ol

methanol

glycerol

L-iditol

D-sorbitol

D-mannitol 1-phosphate

D-sorbitol 6-phosphate

myo-inositol

D-ononitol

D-galactosylononitol

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

galactinol

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

keto-L-sorbose

keto-D-fructose

β-D-fructofuranose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

1-O-acetyl-α-maltose

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-allulose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

keto-L-tagatose 6-phosphate

aldehydo-D-allose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

L-ascorbate 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

L-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate

keto-L-sorbose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

octyl α-D-glucopyranoside

octyl β-1,6-D-galactofuranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside

maltotriose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

D-gluconate

L-gulonate

2-trans, 4-trans-undecadienoyl-CoA

(2E,4E)-tetradeca-2,4-dienoyl-CoA

(3E)-tetradec-3-enoyl-CoA

2-trans, 4-cis-undecadienoyl-CoA

(3E)-undec-3-enoyl-CoA

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-(18-hydroxyoleoyl)-sn-glycrol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-[18-hydroxyoeoyl]-2-[18-hydroxy-lioleoyl]-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-myristoyl phosphatidate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1,2-dicis-vaccenoyl-phosphatidate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-cis-vaccenoyl phosphatidate

1-palmitoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

all-trans-retinol

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

ferrichrome

iron(III) dicitrate

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

(R)-pantoate

acetate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

L-citrulline

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

hypoglycin A

L-ornithine

L-canaline

L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

meso-diaminopimelate

L-lysine

D-ornithine

L-valine

L-isoleucine

L-leucine

L-histidine

L-asparagine

L-serine

glycine

L-tyrosine

L-tryptophan

L-phenylalanine

L-alanine

L-proline

L-arginine

L-threonine

L-aspartate

L-glutamine

L-glutamate

L-methionine

L-cysteine

β-alanine

(R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

D-glutamate

D-proline

D-alanine

L-cystathionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

S-allyl-L-cysteine

S-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N-formimino-L-glutamate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

seleno-L-homocysteine

3-phospho-L-serine

S-methyl-L-cysteine

N-carbamoylglycine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

3-(carbamoylamino)-2-methylpropanoate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-oxoadipate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

2-oxobutanoate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

pyruvate

butanoate

4-hydroxybutanoate

(R)-glycerate

(R)-lactate

palmitate

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

hypoglycin B

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-cysteinylglycine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

DNA with lesion

ethylphosphate

phosphonoacetaldehyde

(2-aminoethyl)phosphonate

Mg-protoporphyrin

adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(I)inamide

adenosylcobinamide

cob(I)alamin

protoheme

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-III

siroheme

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminosuccinate

2-chloroacetate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

2-octaprenylphenol

preQ₀

chloramphenicol 3-acetate

4-nitrophenyl phosphate

Fe³⁺

Na⁺

H⁺

K⁺

ammonium

Mg²⁺

Fe²⁺

Co²⁺

OH^-

superoxide

hydrogencarbonate

phosphonate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

hydroxyl radical

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

N¹-acetylspermidine

N-acetylputrescine

N¹-acetylspermine

spermidine

putrescine

spermine

γ-L-glutamyl-[(S)-allyl]-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-methyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

methanethiol

glutathione

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

(R)-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

succinyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

(2E)-dec-2-enoyl-CoA

trans-Δ², cis-Δ⁴-decadienoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

18-hydroxylinoleoyl-CoA

cis-vaccenoyl-CoA

palmitoleoyl-CoA

myristoyl-CoA

ethene

methane

glycocholate

cholate

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

thiamine

nicotinate

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

glycine betaine